IT Knowledge Support Centre
Intel Sandy Bridge (microarchitecture) and AMD Fusion APU  
Monday, June 7, 2010, 12:39 PM - General
Posted by Administrator
Sandy Bridge is Intel's next microarchitecture, or redesign, of its processors. A chip revamp is the single biggest undertaking for Intel. And it happens every two years. The current design, Nehalem, was introduced in November of 2008 and it pervades all Core i3, i5, and i7 processors (the latter two finally made it into Apple laptops on recently). Its successor, Sandy Bridge, is scheduled to go into production in the fourth quarter.
Few points
• More efficient: the central processing unit, or CPU, delivers a "significant improvement in instructions per clock,” meaning that it is more efficient at executing tasks.
• Faster on-chip communication: different parts of the chip will talk to each other faster-- "improved inter-buses."
• Shared memory: on-chip memory called cache is shared between the CPU and graphics processing unit, or GPU.
• GPU now part of CPU: Intel combines the CPU and GPU on the same piece of silicon.
• New instructions: Sandy Bridge will be the first chip to support Intel's Advanced Vector Extension (Intel AVX) instructions. AVX accelerates a host of multimedia tasks, including video and audio processing.
• More intelligent over clocking: and, finally, improved Turbo Boost--which speeds up

AMD Fusion APU

According to AMD, an APU is not just a CPU grafted onto a GPU, but a next-generation processor combining programmable CPU and GPU cores, along with memory, I/O and video controllers. The architecture of the Fusion APU includes the x86 cores and a SIMD (single instruction, multiple data) Engine Array -- traditionally called the GPU -- along with an integrated memory controller and bus joining the two together
The Fusion will ship in two flavors, "Llano" for desktops and "Ontario" for notebook platforms. The Llano platform will sport dual- and quad-core models with some form of ATI Radeon HD 5000 graphics, while Ontario will be a dual-core processor with an extremely low TDP, reportedly able to scale down as low as 1 watt. By incorporating a single integrated die with all of the functionality, AMD's Fusion could be faster, smaller, more energy-efficient, and cheaper to produce.

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WEB 3.0 -is that real?

 
Friday, January 29, 2010, 02:18 PM - General
Posted by Administrator
As web2.0 coming to the end , a general question is what is next. I have queried google got that there is web3 and web4. Let discuss about web3.0.

Most of the Technolgy experts thinks that Web 3.0 is a friendly person who will behave like he knows about you and can understand what you want. They also teling that the period 2010 to 2020 will be the web3.0 era.

They are giving a clue that Web 3.0 is a giant database. The major differece with Web 2.0 is it uses the Internet to make connections between people, Web 3.0 will use the Internet to make connections with information.

Some experts see Web 3.0 replacing the current Web while others believe it will exist as a separate network.

so come to what web 3.0 actulay is
Here comes the term "Semantic Web"

"In its current state, the Web is often described as being in the Lego phase, with all of its different parts capable of connecting to one another. Those who envision the next phase, Web 3.0, see it as an era when machines will start to do seemingly intelligent things." - John Markoff, The New York Times

With the Semantic Web, computers will scan and interpret information on Web pages using software agents. These software agents will be programs that crawl through the Web, searching for relevant information. They'll be able to do that because the Semantic Web will have collections of information called ontologies.

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WEB 2.0

 
Wednesday, December 16, 2009, 06:06 PM - General
Posted by Administrator
In brief, the characteristics of Web 2.0 include:

The ability for visitors to make changes to Web pages: Amazon allows visitors to post product reviews. Using an online form, a visitor can add information to Amazon's pages that future visitors will be able to read.

Using Web pages to link people to other users: Social networking sites like Facebook and MySpace are popular in part because they make it easy for users to find each other and keep in touch.

Fast and efficient ways to share content: YouTube is the perfect example. A YouTube member can create a video and upload it to the site for others to watch in less than an hour.

New ways to get information: Today, Internet surfers can subscribe to a Web page's Really Simple Syndication (RSS) feeds and receive notifications of that Web page's updates as long as they maintain an Internet connection.

Expanding access to the Internet beyond the computer: Many people access the Internet through devices like cell phones or video game consoles; before long, some experts expect that consumers will access the Internet through television sets and other devices.

Think of Web 1.0 as a library. You can use it as a source of information, but you can't contribute to or change the information in any way. Web 2.0 is more like a big group of friends and acquaintances. You can still use it to receive information, but you also contribute to the conversation and make it a richer experience.


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SixthSense-Microsoft research 
Wednesday, December 16, 2009, 05:50 PM - General
Posted by Administrator
RFID based enterprise intelligence
The vision of the SixthSense project in the MNS group at Microsoft Research India is the workplace or home of the future where computing is extended to encompass non-computing entities such as people, objects, and spaces to enable rich user experiences
The key technology underlying SixthSense is Radio Frequency Identification, or RFID. The technology comprises inexpensive tags that are attached to objects and readers that are able to read these tags from some distance. RFID is widely used to track the movement of goods through a supply chain. In a typical setting, a reader installed at the entrance of a warehouse can track pallets as they are moved in or out of the warehouse.

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Cyclomatic Complexity 
Friday, October 30, 2009, 02:19 PM - General
Posted by Administrator
Cyclomatic complexity measures the amount of decision logic in a single software module. It is used for two related purposes in the structured testing methodology.First, it gives the number of recommended tests for software. Second, it is used during all phases of the software lifecycle, beginning with design, to keep software reliable, testable, and manageable. Cyclomatic complexity is based entirely on the structure of software's control flow graph.
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Cluster 
Thursday, October 22, 2009, 05:37 PM - General
Posted by Administrator
A set of computers that work together to provide a service. The use of a cluster enhances both the availability and scalability of the service. Network Load Balancing provides a software solution for clustering multiple computers running networked client/server applications.
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Imperative vs Declarative languages 
Wednesday, October 21, 2009, 04:59 PM - General
Posted by Administrator
The imperative language model requires the user to determine what the end result should be and also tell the computer step by step how to achieve that result.
It is analogous to asking a cab driver to drive you to the airport and then giving him turn by turn directions to get there.
SQL is different from many common programming languages such as c++ and visual basic because it is a declarative language. Languages such as c++, visual basic, c# and even assembler are imperative languages.

Declarative languages such as SQL, on the other hand let you frame problems in terms of the end result. All you have to do is describe what you want from SQL
Server via a query and trust the database engine to deliver the correct result as efficiently as possible. To continue the cab driver analogy from earlier, in a declarative language you would tell the cab driver to take you to the airport and then trust that he knows the best route.
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3G-Clear your doubts 
Saturday, October 10, 2009, 03:42 PM - General
Posted by Administrator
3G is a short term for third-generation wireless, and refers to near-future developments in personal and business wireless technology, especially mobile communications.

3G is include features such as:
·Enhanced multimedia (voice, data, video, and remote control)
·Usability on all popular modes (cellular telephone, e-mail, paging, fax, videoconferencing, and Web browsing)
·Broad bandwidth and high speed (upwards of 2 Mbps)
·Routing flexibility (repeater, satellite, LAN)
·Operation at approximately 2 GHz transmit and receive frequencies

3.5G is better than the much touted `3G' or third generation mobile networks where high speed data, voice and video can be exchanged.
The zippy new technology, is known as HSDPA — High Speed Data Downlink Packet Access — industry jargon which means the download speeds at which video or data can be sucked into a mobile phone could theoretically be as high as 10 mega bits per second (MBPS) — but in practice would be around a half to one-third this speed. It is the next evolutionary step in speeding up today's GSM or Global Services Mobile networks after it has upgraded to EDGE — Enhanced Data Rate for GSM and WCDMA — Wide Band Code Division Multiple Access.

some of famous 3.5g mobiles are nokia n95,nokia 6110 classic

What does the acronym UMTS stand for?
Universal Mobile Telephone System.

What is UMTS?
UMTS is one of the Third Generation (3G) mobile systems being developed within the ITU's IMT-2000 framework.
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